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韓国は日本の隣国です。
South Korea is Japan's neighboring country.
The Republic of Korea, a country in East Asia
私は韓国に行ったことがあります。
I have been to South Korea.
韓国料理が好きです。
I like Korean cuisine.
Often contrasted with 北朝鮮 (North Korea) in Japanese media.
韓国 refers exclusively to South Korea. 北朝鮮 (North Korea) is a separate country, often treated with political sensitivity in Japanese media.
From Korean 한(韓) + 国(국/國), meaning 'Korean country'. Adopted into Japanese during the early 20th century.
Used as a neutral term for the country; avoid 政治的な文脈 (political contexts) unless necessary.