bà

/bàː/

grandmother

Bà tôi năm nay đã 80 tuổi.

私の祖母は今年80歳です。

neutral

grandmother (father's or mother's mother)

Bà ngoại tôi sống ở quê.

私の母方の祖母は田舎に住んでいます。

Bà nội tôi rất giỏi nấu ăn.

私の父方の祖母は料理がとても上手です。

Used for both paternal and maternal grandmothers. In formal contexts, 'bà' may also refer to an elderly woman.

neutral

old woman; elderly lady

Một bà cụ đang ngồi trên ghế đá.

一人の老婆さんがベンチに座っています。

Can be used respectfully or neutrally, depending on tone.

正式的

madam; ma'am (polite address for an older woman)

Xin chào bà!

こんにちは、おばさま！

Common in polite or customer-service contexts.

コロケーション

bà ngoạimaternal grandmotherbà nộipaternal grandmotherbà conrelatives (older generation)bà xãwife (colloquial, humorous)

類義語

cụ bà cụ bà già

反義語

ông cậu chú

プロのヒント

Distinguishing 'bà' and 'cụ'

'Bà' is more commonly used for grandmother, while 'cụ' is a respectful term for any elderly person, often used in formal or literary contexts.

ゴールデンルール

Politeness with 'bà'

When addressing an older woman, use 'bà' followed by her title (e.g., 'bà Lan') to show respect. Avoid using first names alone unless invited to do so.

語源

From Proto-Vietic *ʔbaːʔ, ultimately from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ʔbaːʔ (grandmother). Related to Muong *ba* and other Austroasiatic languages.

使用上の注意

In Northern Vietnam, 'bà' is commonly used for grandmother, while in Southern Vietnam, 'má' or 'má nội/má ngoại' may also be used colloquially. Avoid using 'bà' to address someone younger unless in a joking or very informal context.

単語の分解

bà

grandmother/elderly woman

root

Từ Điển Việt Nhật

bà