in bocca al lupo e crepi

/in ˈbok.ka al ˈlu.po e ˈkrɛ.pi/
idiomatic phrase★Intermediate— good luck (response)◆idiom
◆ What It Really Means
A ritualistic exchange to wish someone luck while avoiding direct mention of it, as superstition holds that saying 'good luck' may invite misfortune.
Literal Meaning
Into the wolf's mouth, and may it die.
Literal Breakdown
ininto+boccamouth+alto the+lupowolf+eand+crepimay it die
◇ Mental Image
A mental picture of someone stepping into a wolf's mouth, then dismissing the danger by wishing the wolf dead to ensure their safety.
◈ When to Use
Two students are about to take an important exam. One says, 'In bocca al lupo!' The other responds, 'Crepi!' to complete the ritual.
◉ Cultural Note
This phrase is deeply rooted in Italian folklore and superstition. It is part of a larger tradition of euphemisms and rituals to ward off bad luck, such as saying 'vada male' (may it go badly) instead of 'good luck' in some contexts.
informal

A superstitious response to 'in bocca al lupo', wishing the speaker good luck and implying the speaker will succeed despite the danger.

Prima dell'esame: — In bocca al lupo! — Crepi!

Before the exam: — Good luck! — Thanks!

💡

This phrase is a ritualistic exchange, similar to 'break a leg' in English. It is used to ward off bad luck by invoking the danger (the wolf) and then dismissing it.

Related Phrases

in bocca al lupoidiom
good luck (lit. into the wolf's mouth)
a cuor contentophrase
with a happy heart

💡Pro Tip

Cultural Context

This phrase reflects Italy's rich tradition of superstitions and rituals around luck. Always respond with 'crepi' to complete the exchange, as omitting it may be considered bad luck.

⚡Gold Rule

Usage Rule

Only use 'in bocca al lupo' in informal, high-stakes contexts where superstition is accepted. Never use it in formal settings or when the speaker is genuinely at risk.

📖Word Origin

The phrase originates from the superstition that directly wishing someone 'good luck' (buona fortuna) could invite misfortune. The expression 'in bocca al lupo' (literally 'into the wolf's mouth') is a euphemism for facing danger. The response 'e crepi' (and may it die) is a ritualistic dismissal of the danger, reinforcing the belief that mentioning luck is taboo.

📝Usage Notes

This phrase is used in high-stakes situations like exams, performances, or competitions. It is always paired with the response 'crepi'. Never use it in formal or serious contexts where superstition is not relevant.

Word Breakdown

in bocca al lupo
into the wolf's mouth (euphemism for facing danger)
phrase
+
e crepi
and may it die (ritualistic dismissal of danger)
phrase
Dizionario Italiano-Inglese