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书面的
shū miàn de
written
这是一份书面的报告。
This is a written report.
formal
Expressed or communicated in writing rather than speech.
我们需要书面的批准。
We need written approval.
书面的考试比口头的更严格。
Written exams are stricter than oral ones.
Often used in formal contexts like contracts, exams, or official communications.
Pro Tip
Formal vs. Informal Writing
书面的 is used for formal written communication (e.g., contracts, reports). For informal writing like notes or messages, use '写的' (written) or simply '写' (written).
Gold Rule
When to Use 书面的
Use 书面的 when referring to official documents, formal approvals, or structured written communication. It emphasizes the formality and permanence of the written word.
Word Origin
Composed of '书' (shū, 'to write') and '面' (miàn, 'face/surface'), indicating something presented in written form rather than spoken. The suffix '的' (de) turns the phrase into an adjective.
Usage Notes
Used to describe formal written communication, often required in legal, academic, or professional settings. Avoid using it for casual notes or informal messages.
Word Breakdown
书
to write
root面
face/surface (indicating form)
root的
adjectival suffix
suffix汉英词典