苦しむ

kurushimu
verbIntermediate to suffer
general

to suffer physically or emotionally; to endure pain or hardship

彼女は失恋の苦しみを抱えていた

She was carrying the pain of her heartbreak

彼は貧困の中で苦しんで育った

He grew up suffering in poverty

💡

This verb is often used to describe enduring physical pain, emotional distress, or hardship in life. It can be used in both formal and informal contexts.

Related Phrases

苦しみの種phrase
source of suffering
苦しみを味わうphrase
to experience suffering

💡Pro Tip

Common Usage

'苦しむ' is often used with the particle 'で' to indicate the cause of suffering, as in '病気で苦しむ' (to suffer from illness).

Gold Rule

Formal vs. Informal

In formal writing or serious contexts, '苦しむ' is appropriate. In casual conversation, you might use softer expressions like 'つらい' (painful) or '大変だ' (it's tough).

📖Word Origin

Derived from the kanji '苦' (ku) meaning 'suffering' and 'しむ' (shimu) which is a verb suffix indicating a state or condition.

📝Usage Notes

While '苦しむ' can be used in both formal and informal contexts, it is often used in more serious or emotional situations. It is not typically used in casual conversation unless referring to significant hardship.

Word Breakdown

suffering
root
+
しむ
to be in a state of
suffix
和英辞典