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年功制

ねんこうせい
noun★Intermediate💡 seniority-based promotion system
💼Business
formal

A personnel management system where employees are promoted and compensated based on their length of service rather than performance or skills.

年功制の下では、勤続年数が長い社員ほど昇進のチャンスが多い。

Under the seniority system, employees with longer tenure have more promotion opportunities.

近年、年功制を見直す企業が増えている。

In recent years, an increasing number of companies are reviewing their seniority-based systems.

💡

Common in traditional Japanese corporate culture, though modern companies are shifting toward merit-based systems.

Collocations

年功序列seniority-based hierarchy年功給seniority-based salary年功主義seniority principle

Synonyms

年功序列年功主義

Antonyms

成果主義実力主義

💡Pro Tip

Context Matters

年功制 is often contrasted with modern merit-based systems (成果主義). When discussing Japanese corporate culture, this term is essential for understanding historical labor practices.

⚡Gold Rule

Avoid Literal Translation

Do not translate 年功制 as 'year-merit system' or 'length-of-service system.' The idiomatic equivalent is 'seniority-based promotion system.'

📖Word Origin

Combination of 年功 (nenkō, 'length of service' + 'merit') and 制 (sei, 'system'). The term emerged in early 20th-century Japan as part of industrial labor management practices.

📝Usage Notes

Primarily used in business contexts, especially when discussing corporate culture or labor practices. Avoid using in casual conversation unless referring to workplace systems.

Word Breakdown

年功
length of service + merit
compound
+
制
system
suffix
和英辞典

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