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To perform a function or activity; to operate.
このソフトウェアはWindows上で動作する。
This software operates on Windows.
ロボットが自律的に動作する。
The robot operates autonomously.
Commonly used in technical and mechanical contexts to describe systems performing their intended functions.
While '動作する' is often used for machines or software, avoid using it for human actions (e.g., '彼は動作する' is unnatural; use '彼は動く' or '彼は行動する' instead).
Reserve '動作する' for systems, machines, or software. For human actions, prefer '動く' (move) or '行動する' (act).
Composed of '動作' (dōsa, meaning 'movement' or 'action') and the verb 'する' (suru, meaning 'to do'). '動作' itself is a noun-verb compound from '動く' (ugoku, 'to move') and '作用' (sayō, 'action' or 'function').
Primarily used in technical, mechanical, or computational contexts. Avoid using in casual conversation unless referring to machinery or systems.