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ます形
masu-kei
masu-form (polite verb form)
食べます (tabemasu)
(I) eat (polite)
formal
The polite, affirmative conjugation form of Japanese verbs ending in -masu, used in formal contexts, requests, and general polite speech.
毎日、朝ごはんを食べます。
I eat breakfast every morning (polite).
この本を読みますか。
Will you read this book? (polite question)
The -masu form is derived from the verb ます (masu), which is itself a polite auxiliary verb. It is the standard form taught in beginner Japanese courses and is essential for formal interactions.
Collocations
Antonyms
Related Phrases
Pro Tip
When to use ます形
Always use the -masu form when speaking to strangers, superiors, or in formal situations. It is also the default form used in written Japanese unless specified otherwise.
Gold Rule
Conjugation pattern
To form the -masu form, take the verb stem and add -masu. For example, 食べる (taberu, 'to eat') becomes 食べます (tabemasu).
Word Origin
The -masu form originates from the verb ます (masu), which is a polite auxiliary verb derived from the classical verb ます (masu, 'to do'). The -masu ending itself is a contraction of the polite auxiliary verb ます (masu) attached to the verb stem.
Usage Notes
The -masu form is used in all formal contexts, including business, academic settings, and polite conversations with strangers or superiors. It is also the standard form used in dictionaries and textbooks. The negative form is -masen, and the past tense is -mashita.
Word Breakdown
ます
polite auxiliary verb
suffix形
form, shape
noun和英辞典