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だ
da
indicates a statement or assertion
これは本だ。
This is a book.
informal
A sentence-ending particle used to make a plain, neutral statement in casual speech. Equivalent to 'desu' in polite speech.
これは本だ。
This is a book.
彼は学生だ。
He is a student.
Used in casual conversation, especially by men. Women often use 'だ' in casual speech as well, but may use 'です' in more formal contexts.
Related Phrases
Pro Tip
Gender and formality
While both men and women use 'だ' in casual speech, women may use 'です' more frequently in slightly formal contexts.
Gold Rule
Casual vs. polite
Use 'だ' in casual conversations with friends and family, but switch to 'です' when speaking to strangers, superiors, or in formal settings.
Word Origin
Derived from the classical Japanese copula 'なり' (nari), which evolved into 'だ' in modern casual speech.
Usage Notes
While 'だ' is the standard casual ending for statements, it can sound abrupt or rude if used with strangers or in formal settings. 'です' is preferred in polite contexts.
Word Breakdown
だ
indicates a statement
particle和英辞典