ces
/se/
these
Ces livres sont intéressants.
These books are interesting.
formal
Plural demonstrative determiner used to point to specific objects or people near the speaker.
Ces fleurs sont magnifiques.
These flowers are beautiful.
Je connais ces personnes.
I know these people.
Used before both singular and plural nouns in French, though it always refers to plural concepts.
Collocations
Pro Tip
Plural Usage
While 'ces' is technically plural, it can refer to a singular concept when the noun is uncountable or abstract.
Word Origin
From Old French 'ces', from Latin 'ecce isti' (behold these).
Usage Notes
In French, 'ces' is always followed by a noun and can refer to both singular and plural concepts, though it is often used for plural ideas. It is the plural form of 'ce' (this).
Dictionnaire Français-Anglais