word class

/wɜːrd klæs/
noun phraseIntermediate
technical

a group of words that share similar grammatical functions and syntactic roles in a language

In English, 'run' belongs to the verb word class.

This means 'run' functions as an action word.

Determiners like 'the' and 'a' form their own word class.

These words modify nouns to specify quantity or definiteness.

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Word classes are also called parts of speech in traditional grammar.

Collocations

open word classa category of words that can easily accept new members (e.g., nouns, verbs)closed word classa category of words with a fixed or limited number of members (e.g., pronouns, prepositions)

Synonyms

Related Phrases

open-class wordphrase
a word that can easily accept new members (e.g., nouns, verbs)
closed-class wordphrase
a word with a fixed or limited number of members (e.g., pronouns, prepositions)

💡Pro Tip

Distinguishing word classes

Word classes are identified by their ability to fill specific roles in sentences, not by their meanings. For example, 'run' is a verb because it can be conjugated ('runs', 'ran'), not because it describes movement.

Gold Rule

Function over meaning

Word classes are determined by grammatical function, not by the meaning of the word. For example, 'run' is a verb in 'She runs fast' but a noun in 'He took a run in the park'.

📖Word Origin

The term 'word class' combines 'word' (Old English 'word') and 'class' (Latin 'classis'), reflecting the categorization of words by their linguistic roles.

📝Usage Notes

In modern linguistics, word classes are often distinguished by their syntactic behavior rather than by semantic features.

Word Breakdown

word
a unit of language that carries meaning
root
+
class
a category or group with shared characteristics
root
English Dictionary