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performative
/pərˈfɔrmətɪv/
What does "performative" mean in English?
relating to or characterized by performanceThe artist's work was criticized for being too performative, prioritizing spectacle over substance.
The criticism suggests the work focused more on dramatic presentation than genuine artistic value.
How to use "performative" correctly: definitions and examples in English?
technical
Relating to or characterized by the act of performing, especially in a way that draws attention to the performer rather than the content.
In sociology, a performative act is one where the action itself constitutes the statement, such as saying 'I do' in a wedding ceremony.
A performative act in sociology is one where the action (e.g., saying 'I do') performs the meaning of the statement itself.
Her apology felt performative because she didn’t seem genuinely remorseful.
The apology was insincere and seemed done only to appear regretful without true feeling.
Often used in contexts where actions are seen as insincere or overly theatrical, particularly in social or artistic settings.
technical
In linguistics, relating to speech acts that accomplish the action they describe (e.g., 'I promise' or 'I apologize').
The statement 'I name this ship the Queen Elizabeth' is a performative utterance because it performs the act of naming.
The utterance performs the action of naming the ship, making it a performative speech act.
Introduced by philosopher J.L. Austin in his theory of speech acts.
Collocations
performative actan action that constitutes the statement it makesperformative gesturean action done to appear meaningful but lacking sincerityperformative languagespeech that accomplishes the action it describes
Related Phrases
Pro Tip
Avoiding Misuse
Don't confuse 'performative' with 'performance.' 'Performative' often implies insincerity or ritualistic action, while 'performance' refers to the act of presenting something.
Gold Rule
Context Matters
In linguistics, 'performative' is a technical term for speech acts. In everyday use, it often carries a negative connotation of insincerity.
Word Origin
From Latin *performare* (to perform), combining *per-* (thoroughly) and *formare* (to form or shape). First used in English in the 17th century.
Usage Notes
Often used critically to imply insincerity or excessive showmanship. In linguistics, it is a neutral technical term.
Word Breakdown
perform-
to carry out or complete an action
root-ative
relating to or tending toward
suffixEnglish Dictionary