withhold
The company decided to withhold payment until the project was completed.
The company refused to pay until the work was finished.
to refuse to give, provide, or release something that is due or expected
The government may withhold tax refunds if there are outstanding debts.
The government can delay or refuse to return tax money if someone owes money.
She chose to withhold her opinion until she had all the facts.
She decided not to share her thoughts until she knew everything.
Often used in legal, financial, or formal contexts.
to keep back or retain something, often intentionally
He withheld his emotions, refusing to show any vulnerability.
He kept his feelings hidden and didn't show any weakness.
Can imply secrecy or restraint.
Collocations
Related Phrases
Pro Tip
Formal vs. Informal Use
Use 'withhold' in formal or legal contexts. In casual speech, 'refuse' or 'deny' may be more common.
Gold Rule
Legal Context
In legal contexts, 'withhold' often implies a formal or official refusal to provide something, such as evidence or payment.
Word Origin
From Middle English 'withholden', from Old English 'wiþhealdan' (to hold against), from 'wiþ' (against) + 'healdan' (to hold).
Usage Notes
Often used in formal or legal contexts, such as withholding taxes or withholding evidence in a court case.