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friction
/ˈfrɪkʃən/
resistance when surfaces rub
The friction between the tires and the road helps the car stop safely.
The grip between the tires and the road surface allows controlled braking.
Engineering
technical
the force resisting motion when one surface moves over another
Engineers reduce friction in machinery using lubricants.
Lubricants are applied to minimize resistance between moving parts in engines.
Friction can be static (preventing motion) or kinetic (opposing motion).
formal
conflict or tension between people or groups
There was noticeable friction during the team meeting.
The team meeting showed clear disagreement or unease among members.
Often used metaphorically to describe social or interpersonal conflict.
Collocations
reduce frictionto minimize conflict or resistancesurface frictionresistance between touching surfacessocial frictiontension or conflict in social interactions
Related Phrases
Pro Tip
Distinguishing meanings
Context determines whether 'friction' refers to physical resistance (e.g., 'engine friction') or social tension (e.g., 'workplace friction'). Look for clues like 'lubricant' (physical) or 'team meeting' (social).
Gold Rule
Technical vs. metaphorical use
In engineering, friction is a measurable force. In psychology/sociology, it describes emotional or social resistance. Never mix the two in formal writing.
Word Origin
From Latin 'frictio' (rubbing), from 'fricare' (to rub), via Old French 'friction'. First recorded in English in the 16th century.
Usage Notes
In technical contexts, friction is measurable (e.g., coefficient of friction). In social contexts, it describes interpersonal or systemic conflict. Avoid confusing the two meanings in formal writing.
Word Breakdown
frict-
to rub
root-ion
action or process
suffixEnglish Dictionary