How to say "Excuse me" in Japanese

In Japanese culture, すみません (sumimasen) is the go-to phrase for situations where you need to get someone’s attention, apologize for a minor interruption, or acknowledge a small mistake. Unlike in English, where "excuse me" can sound casual or even dismissive, すみません carries a polite weight that reflects respect for the other person’s time and space. Beginners should know that using this phrase is almost always appropriate in daily interactions—whether you’re bumping into someone on a train, asking a stranger for directions, or realizing you’ve made a tiny error. The key is to pair it with a slight bow (even just a nod) to show sincerity, especially in formal or unfamiliar settings. For close friends or family, a more casual alternative exists, but すみません is the safest choice for most situations.

1. To get someone’s attention politely Use this when you need to ask a question, request help, or interrupt someone briefly. It’s softer than calling out loudly and shows consideration.

   • すみません Excuse me (to get attention)
   • すみません、お時間よろしいでしょうか。 Excuse me, do you have a moment?

2. To apologize for a minor offense or inconvenience This covers small mistakes like bumping into someone, accidentally stepping on their foot, or interrupting a conversation briefly. The phrase conveys genuine regret without over-dramatizing the situation.

   • すみません、道をふさいでしまいました。 Excuse me, I’ve blocked the way.
   • すみません、お待たせしてしまいました。 Excuse me, I’ve made you wait.

3. To pass by someone in a crowded space When you need to squeeze past someone in a tight hallway, train aisle, or shop, this phrase softens the act of moving through their space. Pair it with a small bow or gesture to show you’re aware of the intrusion.

   • すみません、通らせていただきます。 Excuse me, let me pass through.
   • すみません、ちょっと抜けさせてください。 Excuse me, let me get through.

4. To politely interrupt a conversation or activity If you need to interject in a discussion or ask for help while someone is busy, すみません signals your awareness that you’re disrupting their focus. It’s far more polite than just jumping in.

   • すみません、お話し中のところ申し訳ありませんが… Excuse me, I’m sorry to interrupt your conversation, but…
   • すみません、この服のサイズはありますか。 Excuse me, do you have this item in another size?

👉 For daily life, memorize just one phrase: すみません. It’s versatile, polite, and works in almost every situation where you’d use "excuse me" in English. Start with this, and you’ll cover 90% of your needs without overcomplicating things.

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