abdiquer
Le roi a décidé d'abdiquer en faveur de son fils.
The king decided to abdicate in favor of his son.
to formally give up a position of power, especially a throne
Le monarque a abdiqué après 30 ans de règne.
The monarch abdicated after 30 years of reign.
Elle a choisi d'abdiquer ses responsabilités.
She chose to abdicate her responsibilities.
Often used in political or royal contexts, but can apply metaphorically to any voluntary relinquishment of authority.
to renounce or give up a belief, claim, or right
Il a abdiqué toute prétention à la richesse.
He renounced all claims to wealth.
Used in legal or philosophical contexts to describe giving up a right or belief.
Collocations
Pro Tip
Common Mistake: Confusing with 'démissionner'
'Abdiquer' implies a voluntary and often formal act of giving up power, typically by a monarch or leader. 'Démissionner' is more general and applies to any resignation from a job or position. Example: 'Le roi a abdiqué' (The king abdicated) vs. 'Il a démissionné de son poste' (He resigned from his position).
Gold Rule
When to Use 'abdiquer'
Use 'abdiquer' when the subject is giving up a position of authority or power, especially in a formal or ceremonial context. It is not used for everyday job resignations.
Word Origin
From Latin *abdicare* (to disown, reject), composed of *ab-* (away) + *dicare* (to proclaim). Entered French in the 14th century with the sense of 'to disown' or 'to renounce'.
Usage Notes
Primarily used for monarchs or leaders stepping down, but can describe any voluntary abandonment of power or responsibility. Avoid using for forced resignations (use *démissionner* instead).