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defaulted

/dɪˈfɔːltɪd/
verb (past tense)★中级💡 违约
💰金融
正式

未能按时偿还债务(如贷款、债券等)。

After months of financial struggle, the startup defaulted on its venture debt.

经过数月的财务困境,这家初创公司未能偿还其风险债务,构成违约。

The government warned that any country defaulting on its sovereign debt would face severe economic consequences.

政府警告称,任何国家若违约其主权债务,将面临严重的经济后果。

💡

在金融领域特指债务人未能履行合同约定的还款义务。常见于贷款、债券、租赁等场景。

⚖️法律
正式

未能履行合同义务(如未按时交付产品或服务)。

The supplier defaulted on the contract by delivering defective goods.

供应商因交付次品而未能履行合同义务,构成违约。

💡

法律合同中指一方未能履行约定义务,通常可追究违约责任。

搭配

default on a loan未能偿还贷款default risk违约风险technical default技术性违约(因未满足合同条件但未完全拖欠)

同义词

fail to paymiss a paymentdefault onbreach a contract

反义词

repayfulfill obligationshonor a contract

相关短语

in default短语
处于违约状态
acceleration clause短语
加速还款条款(违约时债权人可要求立即偿还全部债务)

💡专业提示

避免混淆‘default’与‘delinquent’

‘Default’指已触发违约条款的严重拖欠,而‘delinquent’仅指逾期未付(如未按时还款但尚未正式违约)。例如:A delinquent loan may lead to default if not resolved(逾期贷款若不解决可能导致违约)。

⚡黄金法则

违约的法律后果

违约通常会触发合同中的‘acceleration clause’(加速还款条款),债权人可要求立即偿还全部债务。此外,债务人可能面临信用评级下调、资产被没收或法律诉讼。

📖词源

来自中古英语‘defaulten’,源自古法语‘defaut’(缺席、不履行),最终源自拉丁语‘defallere’(未能履行)。最初指法庭缺席,后演变为未能履行义务的法律术语,现多用于金融领域。

📝用法说明

1. 在金融报道中常用被动语态:The company was declared in default(公司被宣布违约)。 2. 违约后可能面临法律诉讼、信用评级下调或资产被没收。 3. 与‘delinquency’(拖欠但未正式违约)区分:违约通常指已触发合同条款的严重拖欠。

单词拆解

de-
否定、缺乏
prefix
+
fault
缺点、过失
root
+
-ed
动词过去式后缀
suffix
英汉词典

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