丈夫
この椅子は丈夫で長持ちします。
This chair is strong and durable.
physically strong; sturdy; durable
丈夫な体を作る。
To build a strong body.
この靴は丈夫だから長く使える。
These shoes are sturdy, so you can use them for a long time.
Often used for objects (e.g., furniture, tools) or people's physical constitution.
healthy; in good condition
彼は丈夫で病気知らずだ。
He is healthy and rarely gets sick.
Refers to a person's overall health, not just physical strength.
firm; reliable; trustworthy
彼は丈夫な人柄で信頼されている。
He is trusted for his reliable character.
Used for people's personality or social standing.
Related Phrases
Pro Tip
Usage with です vs な
丈夫 is a na-adjective. Use 丈夫な (e.g., 丈夫な家) when modifying a noun, and 丈夫です (e.g., この家は丈夫です) in predicate form.
Gold Rule
Physical vs. Abstract Strength
丈夫 primarily describes physical sturdiness or health. For abstract strength (e.g., 'strong will'), use 強い (tsuyoi).
Word Origin
From Middle Chinese 丈夫 (dʑɨɐŋ tʂʰɨu) via Old Japanese, originally meaning 'a man of stature' (tall/strong man). The sense of 'sturdy' evolved later.
Usage Notes
丈夫 emphasizes durability or reliability rather than raw power. For people, it often implies both physical and moral strength. In modern Japanese, it's less common for abstract qualities (e.g., 'strong will' would use 強い意志).